A fuzzy bi-level optimization model for multi-period post-disaster relief distribution in sustainable humanitarian supply chains

In the aftermath of large-scale natural disasters, supply shortage and inequitable distribution cause various losses, hindering humanitarian chains’ performance. The optimal decisions are difficult due to complexity arising from multi-period post-disaster consideration, uncertainty supplies, hierarchal decision levels conflicting objectives in sustainable chains (SHSCs). This paper formulates problem as a fuzzy tri-objective bi-level integer programming model minimize unmet demand rate, potential environmental risks, emergency costs on upper level hierarchy maximize survivors’ perceived satisfaction lower hierarchy. A hybrid global criterion method is devised incorporate primal-dual algorithm, expected value branch-and-bound approach solving model. case study using data Wenchuan earthquake presented evaluate proposed Study results indicate that guides an strategy for such complex within reasonable computational time. More attention should be attached economic sustainability aspects SHSCs after golden rescue stage. optimization has advantages reducing total risks costs. If decision-agents with higher authorities act leaders dominant power SHSCs, decisions, respectively taking hierarchical horizontal relationships into account would result equal